Objective:

To explore the role of liquid biopsy comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) in enhancing precision oncology, particularly in lung and breast cancer, and its significance in overcoming current testing limitations.

Key Findings:

• Liquid biopsy can address limitations in tissue testing, especially in cases where tumor tissue is scarce, leading to improved patient outcomes.
• ctDNA analysis captures tumor heterogeneity and resistance mechanisms better than single tissue biopsies, providing a more comprehensive view of the tumor.
• The quickDNA initiative in Wales demonstrated reduced turnaround times for ctDNA testing compared to traditional tissue testing, facilitating quicker treatment initiation.

Interpretation:

Liquid biopsy serves as a complementary tool to tissue testing, enhancing access to genomic data, enabling quicker treatment decisions, and ultimately improving patient care.

Limitations:

• Clonal hematopoiesis can confound ctDNA results, requiring advanced bioinformatics and matched normal sequencing to ensure accuracy.
• ctDNA levels vary by tumor type and stage, affecting patient suitability for testing; understanding these dynamics is crucial for effective implementation.

Conclusion:

Liquid biopsy is a promising advancement in precision oncology, particularly for lung and breast cancer, facilitating earlier access to targeted therapies and improving patient outcomes through integration into standard clinical practice.