5 Key Takeaways

• 1

  A microneedle patch effectively measures neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in dermal interstitial fluid, indicating kidney injury.

• 2

  The patch remains functional after exposure to high temperatures, retaining 94% of its fluorescence signal after temperature cycling.

• 3

  Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin levels increased within four hours in mice with acute kidney injury, preceding changes in serum creatinine.

• 4

  The study demonstrated strong correlation between interstitial fluid and plasma measurements, although concentrations were lower in interstitial fluid.

• 5

  Further research is required to establish interstitial fluid thresholds, assess diagnostic performance, and explore multiplexed kidney biomarker measurements.