Surrogates with Substance: Decoding Soft Tissue Tumors

Following a new CAP review, Jason L. Hornick discusses the strengths – and limitations – of IHC as a stand-in for molecular testing

By Jessica Allerton 09/30/2025 Discussion 4 min read

IHC markers can substitute genetic alterations for quicker diagnoses.
Soft tissue tumors are diverse with over 100 types.
Many tumors with different behaviors appear histologically similar.
IHC is cost-effective compared to NGS.
Certain IHC markers offer high specificity for specific tumors.
Pathologists should be aware of pitfalls in interpreting IHC results.
Continued education through CME is important for keeping up with IHC advancements.

About the Author(s)

Deputy Editor, The Pathologist