A recent retrospective study published in Human Pathology highlights that patients with ten or more tumor buds after surgery for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) experience significantly poorer outcomes, with a fourfold increase in overall mortality and a sevenfold increase in disease-specific mortality compared to those without tumor budding. The study analyzed 506 confirmed HCC cases to evaluate the prognostic significance of tumor budding and tumor-stroma ratio (TSR). While tumor budding emerged as a critical independent risk factor for disease-specific mortality, TSR showed no significant association with survival outcomes.
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