Recent advancements in bladder cancer treatment emphasize the significance of precision medicine, driven by genetic biomarkers through next-generation sequencing (NGS). Researchers have identified key molecular profiles that guide therapeutic decisions for various bladder cancer stages. Guidelines encourage the integration of PD-L1 testing and FGFR3 gene analysis to facilitate better outcomes. However, challenges such as testing disparities and prolonged diagnostic times necessitate closer collaboration among oncologists, urologists, and pathologists to optimize patient care and treatment efficiency.
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