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The Pathologist / Issues / 2025 / November / What Causes Long COVID Brain Fog / Summary
Neurology Biochemistry and molecular biology Research and Innovations Microscopy and imaging

What Causes Long COVID Brain Fog?

Researchers found increased α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor density across the brain in patients with cognitive long COVID.

By Kathryn Wighton 11/11/2025 News 2 min read
article Full Article Summary Notecard

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Cognitive impairment, commonly referred to as 'brain fog,' is prevalent in over 80 percent of long COVID patients. A Japanese research team has made significant progress in exploring its causes by investigating changes in brain synapses. Utilizing the [¹¹C]K-2 PET imaging method, they analyzed 30 patients with cognitive long COVID (Cog-LC) and 80 healthy individuals, finding increased AMPA receptor density associated with cognitive deficits. Their findings suggest a potential diagnostic tool and treatment avenues for Cog-LC, thereby advancing understanding of this condition.

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Kathryn Wighton

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