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The Pathologist / Issues / 2023 / Jan / Does Dyslexia Have a Genotype?
Neurology Genetics and epigenetics Neurology Molecular Pathology

Does Dyslexia Have a Genotype?

Researchers have found 27 new genetic variants associated with dyslexia, paving the way for further explorations into the biology and even expanded diagnostic capabilities

By Georgia Hulme 01/24/2023 News 1 min read

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Although dyslexia research is abundant, a nagging question has remained: Is the condition hereditary?

Previous familial studies suggest a strong genetic predisposition, yet few markers have been identified to prove the correlation. To investigate further, an international team of researchers have conducted the largest genome-wide association (GWAS) study of dyslexia to date.

Led by the University of Edinburgh, UK, the study included 1,087,070 controls and 51,800 adults with a dyslexia diagnosis – selected from personal genetics company 23andMe (1). DNA samples were obtained from saliva and analyzed on a genotyping platform by the Nation Genetics Institute. A total of 42 genetic variants were found to be associated with dyslexia; of these, 15 have been previously linked to cognitive ability and educational attainment, but the remaining 27 were newly identified.

Several of the new variants were validated in a genomic study by the GenLang consortium of spelling and reading performance in English and other European languages.

The work also found a positive genetic link between dyslexia and ambidexterity, as well as a “moderate” genetic correlation between dyslexia and ADHD. In the future, researchers hope that the new variants will be prioritized for further investigation to increase our understanding of the biological mechanisms behind dyslexia and expand diagnostic capabilities.

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References

  1. C Doust et al., Nature Genetics, 54, 1621 (2022). PMID: 36266505

About the Author(s)

Georgia Hulme

Associate Editor for the Pathologist

More Articles by Georgia Hulme

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