Specific Detection of Inflammation Markers with Tissue Context Using RNAscope® Technology

Introduction

Understanding molecular mechanisms is critical for identifying pathogenesis, evaluating disease progression and developing new therapeutic strategies for autoimmunity, infectious diseases, and cancer. RNAscope^® in situ hybridization (ISH) technology enables precise cell- and tissue-specific localization of RNA transcripts. With RNAscope^® ISH assays, you can detect specifically expressed immune markers in lymphoid and non-lymphoid tissues while maintaining the morphological context. For example, RNAscope^® chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH) robustly identified the expression pattern of CD274 mRNA in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) kidney cancer tissue (Figure 1).

FIGURE 1. CD274 mRNA expression in a FFPE human kidney tumor tissue using the RNAscope® 2.0 HD Reagent Kit -BROWN. Each brown spot represents a single CD274 mRNA.

FIGURE 2. IL6 mRNA expression in FFPE human lung cancer tissue using the RNAscope®2.0 HD Reagent Kit –RED. Each red spot represents a single IL6 mRNA.

Visualization of any RNA

In the past few decades, the field of immunology benefited greatly from emergent immunoassays, flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry. However, these assays are limited by the availability and specificity of antibodies. With RNAscope^® ISH technology, one can assess the expression of any genes in any species. RNAscope_® ISH is particularly powerful in detecting mRNA of low-expressing or secreted proteins (Figure 2), as well as targets to which specific antibodies are not available.

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